ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the distribution of diastolic left ventricular pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by relative pressure imaging (RPI) based on vector flow mapping (VFM), and to explore the clinical risk factors for the diastolic left ventricular pressure distribution.Methods:Thirty patients with T2DM and thirty normal controls were included from August 2020 to July 2021 in Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital. All selected subjects underwent conventional echocardiography.Left intraventricular pressure difference (IVPD) and left intraventricular pressure gradient (IVPG) were measured using RPI of VFM in isovolumic relaxation (IR), rapid filling (RF), atrial contraction (AC), isovolumic contraction (IC) and rapid ejection (RE) phases. The relationships between IVPD with other parameters were analyzed.Results:①Compared with the control group, E/A, e′, IVPD-IR, IVPG-IR, IVPD-RF, IVPG-RF, IVPD-AC, and IVPG-AC were significantly lower and E/e′ was significantly greater in the T2DM group ( P<0.05). ②IVPD-IR, IVPD-RF, and IVPD-AC were positively correlated with E/A ( r=0.309, P<0.05; r=0.274, P<0.05; r=0.273, P<0.05). IVPD-IR, IVPD-RF, and IVPD-AC were negatively correlated with E/e′ ( r=-0.587, P<0.05; r=-0.273, P<0.05; r=-0.415, P<0.05). IVPD-IR and IVPD-AC were positively correlated with e′ ( r=0.451, P<0.05; r=0.431, P<0.05). ③Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c) was an independent risk factor affecting IVPD-IR, IVPD-RF, and IVPD-AC (β=-0.417, P<0.05; β=-0.451, P<0.05; β=-0.460, P<0.05). Conclusions:RPI of VFM can quantitatively evaluate diastolic left ventricular pressure distribution in patients with T2DM. HbA 1c is an independent risk factor affecting IVPD-IR, IVPD-RF, and IVPD-AC.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to explore the intraventricular pressure difference (IVPD) within left ventricle in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) by using the relative pressure imaging (RPI) of vector flow mapping (VFM). Twenty patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and thirty control subjects were enrolled in the study. Systolic and diastolic IVPD derived from VFM within left ventricle and conventional echocardiographic parameters were analyzed. It was found that the B-A IVPD of left ventricle in PAF patients showed the same pattern as controls-single peak and single valley during systole and double peaks and double valleys during diastole. Basal IVPD was the main component of base to apex IVPD (B-A IVPD). The isovolumetric systolic IVPD was associated with early systolic IVPD, early systolic IVPD was associated with late systolic IVPD, and late systolic IVPD was associated with isovolumic diastolic IVPD (all